Grants and Contributions
About this information
In June 2016, as part of the Open Government Action Plan, the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat (TBS) committed to increasing the transparency and usefulness of grants and contribution data and subsequently launched the Guidelines on the Reporting of Grants and Contributions Awards, effective April 1, 2018.
The rules and principles governing government grants and contributions are outlined in the Treasury Board Policy on Transfer Payments. Transfer payments are transfers of money, goods, services or assets made from an appropriation to individuals, organizations or other levels of government, without the federal government directly receiving goods or services in return, but which may require the recipient to provide a report or other information subsequent to receiving payment. These expenditures are reported in the Public Accounts of Canada. The major types of transfer payments are grants, contributions and \'other transfer payments\'.
Included in this category, but not to be reported under proactive disclosure of awards, are (1) transfers to other levels of government such as Equalization payments as well as Canada Health and Social Transfer payments. (2) Grants and contributions reallocated or otherwise redistributed by the recipient to third parties; and (3) information that would normally be withheld under the Access to Information Act and the Privacy Act.
$49,404.00
Jun 9, 2021
Not-for-profit organization or charity
A Pan-Canadian Descriptive Study of Privacy Risks from Data Synthesis Practices within the Evolving Canadian Legislative Landscape
Data synthesis is rapidly emerging as a practical privacy enhancing technology (PET) for sharing data for secondary purposes. However, the strengths and weaknesses of this emerging technology are not fully appreciated and need to be evaluated. As well, we need to develop an understanding of how data synthesis would be treated under various privacy regimes in Canada.
This project aims to provide a detailed overview of data synthesis as a PET used to facilitate data sharing within the Canadian context. It is intended to help Canadian organizations understand what data synthesis is, and to provide an assessment of contemporary methods and technologies and how they can be applied under current and proposed regulatory regimes.
The proposed project consists of three main research phases: 1. An overview of data synthesis (environmental scan/literature review); 2. A legal analysis of data synthesis under Part I of PIPEDA and the Consumer Privacy Protection Act (CPPA) component of the Digital Charter Implementation Act, 2020 (Bill C-11), and; 3. Perspectives of Canadian regulators on data synthesis. The research will assess: i) whether PIPEDA and the proposed provisions of the CPPA adequately address data synthesis as a PET to protect individual privacy; ii) identify if there are gaps in both PIPEDA and in the legislative proposal, and the nature of such gaps; and iii) propose solutions to “close the gaps.”
$49,508.00
Jun 9, 2021
Academia
Thinking About Privacy Rights in Relation to Individual and Collective Rights
In the age of Big Data, recent technologies and AI allow for the inference of private attributes from a quantity of data that is innocuous when viewed in isolation, but which, when cross-referenced with other data, can reveal in a probabilistic manner things such as a person’s political opinions, religious beliefs, sexual orientation, lifestyle and health status.
This information, inferred from information that is not necessarily personal, can be used to influence or manipulate behaviour or opinions and to engage in profiling or discrimination. More and more experts are stressing the importance of addressing this relatively new area of privacy and data protection. Some are even claiming a right to “reasonable inferences”.
In their recent work, researchers have shown that the safeguards offered by current and proposed Canadian legislation (Bill C-11) do not adequately protect the privacy of individuals with respect to the risks posed by the use of inferred information. To adequately protect individuals from these risks, they argue there is a need to shift the focus from individual consent-based control of personal data to a regulatory framework for the use of inferences. These researchers have even suggested that certain inferences should be prohibited. The results of their work support the view that the right to privacy is a necessary condition for the exercise of other fundamental rights. However, this proposal faces a major challenge.
On the one hand, certain experts argue that the protection of fundamental rights must not take place within the context of privacy protection, since these fundamental rights can be protected independently of privacy. On the other, some advocates of a distinctive view of privacy – who support the concept of “collective” privacy – argue that the protection of privacy rights must include protection of algorithmic groups, these groups of people who share a generic identity generated by algorithms.
What should we make of this? The researchers will undertake a critical analysis of these two fundamental theses. In their view, this analysis is necessary if there is to be privacy protection based on rights and recognition of the right to privacy in its entirety.
$60,000.00
Jun 9, 2021
For-profit organization
000021435
000021435
To support business needs while recovering from COVID-19
$9,249.00
Jun 9, 2021
For-profit organization
000021434
000021434
To support business needs while recovering from COVID-19
$21,800.00
Jun 9, 2021
For-profit organization
000021552
000021552
To support business needs while recovering from COVID-19
$15,200.00
Jun 9, 2021
For-profit organization
000021479
000021479
To support business needs while recovering from COVID-19
$60,000.00
Jun 9, 2021
For-profit organization
000021505
000021505
To support business needs while recovering from COVID-19
$50,411.00
Jun 9, 2021
For-profit organization
000021440
000021440
To support business needs while recovering from COVID-19
$50,411.00
Jun 9, 2021
For-profit organization
000021440
000021440
To support business needs while recovering from COVID-19
$40,750.00
Jun 9, 2021
For-profit organization
000021238
000021238
To support business needs while recovering from COVID-19