Grants and Contributions

Current path planning systems for NASA's Mars rovers require extensive human input that can lead to wasted mission operations, due to communication delays and time-consuming manual analysis of data gathered from orbit and the rover.

The Intelligent Path Planner (IPP) allows for heterogeneous data sets to be aggregated in real time, enabling rovers to learn as they drive. The IPP uses the information it has gathered to influence the path it plans, while also adapting the path based on the terrain encountered. Machine learning teaches the IPP to associate different terrains with performance levels. The IPP is targeted as a software upgrade to improve the efficiency, safety and scientific return of rover missions without the need for specialized sensors.

This project will develop a prototype synthetic cognitive decision support system for medical diagnostics during space flight, and will involve an initial validation of that system.

The proposed Synthetic Intelligence for Medical Assessment and Treatment (SIMAT) will simulate human cognitive diagnosis through the application of decision algorithms, statistical analysis, pattern recognition, and machine learning. Once fully developed, it will assist Crew Medical Officers in analyzing an ailing crewmember's medical symptoms and forming diagnoses. This technology will be critical for future long-duration, exploration-class missions where communication with Earth is delayed due to the vast distances involved. It will also support medical operations when communication with Mission Control is interrupted, or in circumstances where a medically trained astronaut is unavailable or unable to respond.

In 2003, NASA's twin Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity, began exploring the surface of the red planet. While both rovers performed for longer than expected, Spirit's mission ended in 2009 when the rover became stuck in a soft patch of soil. Rovers can autonomously detect and avoid rocks and other obstacles with ease, but detecting soft soil hazards remains a challenge for rover operators. While Opportunity is still operating, it has lost mission time while stuck in soft soil patches.

The Autonomous Soil Assessment System 2.0 (ASAS), building upon previous work by Mission Control Space Services, will improve rovers' ability to navigate through unknown environments by detecting a much broader variety of terrains and hazard types through the use of artificial intelligence, and specifically deep learning techniques. ASAS can be employed to improve mission safety and efficiency in two ways: by running on ground station computers to help rover operators plan safe routes, or by operating in real time as a software payload onboard the rover to increase its autonomy by allowing it to handle hazard detection automatically.

Launching satellites is an expensive and unreliable process, yet demand for microsat launch services increases year after year.

Reaction Dynamics is pioneering a revolutionary, inherently safe type of propulsion system. This technology demonstration aims to develop the competencies necessary to use hybrid rocket engines in launch vehicles, and build and operate launch vehicles reliably. Additionally, other systems for supporting space launch operations, such as ground infrastructure, supply chains, avionics and communication systems, will be developed. Within this proposal, Reaction Dynamics hopes to launch the flight demonstration vehicle to an altitude of at least 100 km by early to mid-2020. Starting as early as 2023, the company aims to jump-start an orbital satellite launch service in Canada, targeting the emerging market of CubeSats, microsats as well as Earth observation missions.

Aerospace designers often use software that simulates complex electronic systems to evaluate the performance of different architectures and to refine software and hardware early in the development stage.

Heterogeneous computing systems (systems using more than one type of processor) offer advantages over homogenous systems in terms of speed and agility in processing, but aerospace simulation software has not yet been designed for computing systems with more than one processor. Space Codesign Systems proposes to develop a heterogeneous computing platform which will allow aerospace designers to more easily and efficiently design models of complex electronic systems, including those with embedded systems.

Space-based laser communication technologies offer significant reductions in size, mass and power compared to other space-based telecommunications technology, while increasing the capacity for high-speed, data-rich transmissions. This means that incredibly data-intensive payloads can be flown on even smaller spacecraft.

Neptec will develop a prototype of a low-Earth-orbit-to-ground optical communication pointing and tracking subsystem. The prototype will provide critical insight into technical unknowns required to develop future designs for the spacecraft needing an optical communications system (called a space optical terminal) and for future Canadian Space Agency science satellite projects.