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This report presents the findings of a gap analysis of specialized services for victims and survivors of online child sexual exploitation and abuse (CSEA) in Canada. The analysis took place between March and July 2019 and was conducted to identify existing specialized support services for victims of CSEA, their families, and adult survivors of CSEA, as well as gaps in the availability of such services, any promising practices in Canada or elsewhere, and challenges to providing specialized supports for these victims and their families.

The Child Witness Program offers a number of services, including: * assessing children's needs in court * preparing children for court * accompanying children to court * supporting parents and guardians * helping with victim impact statements * service referrals * post-court follow-ups

The costs of victimization of five violent crimes are analyzed in this report: assault, criminal harassment, homicide, robbery, and sexual assault and other sexual offences. Incidents that occurred
in 2009 are included, and all costs, or impacts, of those incidents are included, regardless of when the costs were incurred. Only incidents involving adult victims (18 and up) and a non-spousal
relationship between the victim and offender are included. For the costs of spousal violence, see Zhang et al.

Highlights activities and program developments from several victim serving organizations across the country. More in depth, the PCVI News covers the work done by the Policy Centre for Victims Issues who work on improving and understanding the experience of victims and survivors of crime in the criminal justice system in Canada. The newsletters follow a structure similar to the following, with some deviation depending on the issue: welcome, overview of the topic being discussed, and a transcription of an interview with an expert of key stakeholder doing work in victims services. There is also occasionally summaries of emerging victims support programs.

V/WAP provides court-based services for victims and witnesses of crime. Services include: * providing information about the criminal justice process * case status updates * providing of court documents * court debriefs * advocacy * discussion of safety issues * referrals for safety planning * ensuring clients can provide input at key points in the criminal court process * court preparation and orientation * court support and accompaniment * information about Victim Impact Statements and Criminal Injuries Compensation Board *[V/WAP]: Victim Witness Assistance Program

Youth believed victims require more attention and support from the Criminal Justice System (CJS). Victims should be aware of their rights, have an opportunity to tell their stories, and receive some form of restitution for the harm experienced.

The Canadian Victim Services Indicators (CVSI) survey was developed as part of a longer term project to improve information on the provision of victim services in Canada. In an effort to identify data opportunities that could be used to measure the impact of the Canadian Victims Bill of Rights (CVBR) on the justice system, the Office of the Federal Ombudsman for Victims of Crime, in partnership with the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics (CCJS) at Statistics Canada, undertook a data mapping study to outline research needs and opportunities related to measuring how victims of crime access services through the justice system. The study identified data opportunities that could be used as potential sources for assessing how victims are served by various justice systems pre and post implementation of the CVBR. In addition, the study also highlighted data gaps and where data existed but lacked the required detail or scope.

The Victims of Crime Research Digest will be an annual, joint publication featuring short articles dedicated to victims of crime research. Research is an important tool in helping to incorporate victims' voices on many issues in the criminal justice system and to affect change in legislation, policy or practice.

In Canada, the body of research on victim issues is growing, but there remains much data to be collected to further our understanding of criminal justice processes, as well as the expectations, perceptions and needs of victims. We hope that the Digest will help to highlight some of the research that is being undertaken and that it will help share some of the findings.

This report is organized to reflect the rich information gathered from the Listening Project on Crime Victims’ Experiences of Restorative Justice. The structure of this report is as follows:

• background on restorative justice and its relationship with crime victims,
• an overview of the Listening Project,
• findings on the needs of victims of crime and how restorative justice did and did not meet those needs,
• suggestions from Listening Project participants on how to enhance meaningful victim involvement, and;
• feedback and conclusion.

Victims of gang-related homicides (total number of homicide victims; number of homicide victims - unknown gang-relation; number of homicide victims - known gang relation; number of gang-related homicide victims; percentage of gang-related homicide victims; rate (per 100,000 population) of gang-related homicide victims), Canada and regions, 1999 to 2021.